Wood

Wood is one of the most long-stand­ing ma­ter­i­als used in the mak­ing of jew­elry and weapon parts. This art­icle is about vari­ous kinds of wood, from well-known wal­nut to black ebony, which is used for dec­or­at­ing only the most soph­ist­ic­ated and fancy ob­jects.

Amatanth

Am­ar­anth (also called the Purple Heart wood) is a valu­able and very beau­ti­ful wood with a lilac or vi­ol­et-crim­son core. After the ox­id­a­tion re­ac­tions on its sur­face, am­ar­anth wood ac­quires a dark brown hue with a shade of lilac in­stead of the crim­son, but after the ox­id­ized lay­er re­moved, the ori­gin­al tint re­turns. The tex­ture of am­ar­anth is striped and glit­ter­ing.

Be­sides its un­usu­al col­or, am­ar­anth is valu­able be­cause of its high dens­ity and dur­ab­il­ity - it is very stress proof. Am­ar­anth is very dif­fi­cult to pro­cess, and it is used mostly for floor sur­fa­cing, fur­niture, fa­cing, and dec­or­at­ive pur­poses. It grows in Cent­ral Amer­ica, in the South­ern US, and in Brazil.

Circassian Walnut

Cir­cas­si­an wal­nut (also called Claro wal­nut) is one of the most com­monly used kinds of wood: it is dur­able, easy to work with, and at­tract­ive. Be­cause these trees are grown primar­ily for their nuts, a large amount of wal­nut wood is nev­er pro­cured, which is the reas­on why wal­nut wood is so ex­pens­ive. Wal­nut trees are grown spe­cific­ally for their wood in only a few coun­tries: Italy, France, Tur­key, and the Balkans. All parts of wal­nut tree are used, in­clud­ing the roots, which are the source of valu­able knotty burls with very beau­ti­ful and com­plex tex­tures.

Wal­nut wood is usu­ally used for mak­ing fur­niture, wooden gun parts, and décor items. Wal­nut wood can be of vari­ous col­ors – from dark brown to dark gray. Wal­nut's up­per lay­ers are al­ways gray­ish and some­times with a shade of pink or red. Wood col­or primar­ily de­pends on soil qual­ity and cli­mate con­di­tions. For ex­ample, the Itali­an wal­nut is of a red tint, and it has a rich­er tex­ture than the Swiss or the Ger­man wal­nuts.

Caucasi­an and Crimean wal­nut trees have dark, al­most black, wood that was greatly ap­pre­ci­ated in the first part of 20th cen­tury. Cur­rently, the French wal­nut wood with its gray­ish tint is con­sidered most valu­able as well as the Man­churi­an wal­nut wood of a brown­ish gray col­or.

Cherry Tree

Cherry is a dur­able, fine, and eas­ily pro­cessed wood that is widely used and ap­pre­ci­ated all over the world be­cause of its beau­ti­ful pink-brown to pink-gray tint. The col­or of­ten gets dark­er and rich­er with age. Cherry wood an­nu­al rings are very dis­tinct and look like beau­ti­ful designs.

Due to the slight dif­fer­ences in dens­ity among each of its rings, cherry wood, be­ing softer than an oak wood, is usu­ally very easy to work with. It is used in mak­ing fur­niture, mu­sic­al in­stru­ments, smock­ing pipes, and vari­ous fine art items. Cherry wood can be found in many coun­tries of the world, and it grows widely in Europe, Asia, and North Amer­ica.

Ebony Wood

Ebony is a wood of black or dark-green col­or, which can be found in trop­ic­al forests and is ob­tained from the trees and bushes of the ebony fam­ily. Ebony is con­sidered to be one of the most ex­pens­ive woods, and it is used for pro­du­cing tough, dur­able ob­jects. The reas­on ebony is so ap­pre­ci­ated is that it is ex­tremely beau­ti­ful and soph­ist­ic­ated. Its rings are nearly in­dis­tin­guish­able and, there­fore, it cre­ates an im­pres­sion of sol­id black­ness. Ebony is very dense (1050 kg per m2) – it is the only wood that can sink in wa­ter. When pro­cured, only 30-40 per­cent of the ebony trunk is used be­cause its up­per lay­ers do not pos­sess the de­sir­able prop­er­ties. The up­per lay­ers are of a gray­ish yel­low or of a yel­low­ish white tint.

Ebony is widely used in the fur­niture and jew­elry in­dus­tries, and it is also some­times used for mak­ing mu­sic­al in­stru­ments. Even though there are a hun­dred of ebony spe­cies found, only five of them are suit­able for use. The best and rarest spe­cies is the Ceylon ebony which looks al­most mir­ror-like when pol­ished.

The most widely used spe­cies of ebony is the Cameroon ebony pro­cured in Africa. It is al­most sol­id black. Be­cause of its high poros­ity, the Cameroon ebony is less valu­able than the oth­ers. Mad­a­gas­car ebony is much pre­ferred. It has a mixed col­or – dark-brown wood with al­most black an­nu­al rings, and it is valu­able be­cause of its low poros­ity. Ma­cas­sar ebony, or the colored ebony, is also com­monly used. This wood is black, with a pat­tern of brown and light-brown rings.