Though knives may differ greatly, they share the same basic design principle. Knives consist of three main parts: the blade, the handle, and the guard. There are several different materials that can be used in making each part of the knife. Each of these material requires special care in order to preserve the original condition of the knife.
Stainless steel requires limited care. Although it is a resilient material, please remember that small hairline scratches are unavoidable. Scratches can be removed by polishing, but this process requires a deep polishing that may damage the engraving or carving. If the blade is being used, please accept some fine scratches as natural wear. Protecting the sheath from abrasive particles helps prevent scratches.
Low alloy steel and ultrahigh-carbon steel like Wootz and bulat are particularly susceptible to rust. Rust can form from the moisture in the air, dew, or acidic residues from fingerprints. Many ancient Wootz blades remain in excellent condition because of routine proper care. It is essential to take special care of the low alloy Wootz steel blades. It is wise to keep the blades in a dry place and protect them by applying a fine coat of wax or an oil based product. Renaissance Wax is a well known, inexpensive, and easy to use product. Simply read and follow the directions on the can to protect the steel.
Do not forget to wipe blood from the steel if the blade is used for hunting or dining. Blood is a very strong oxidizer and can cause rust spots even on some stainless steels. Fatty or organic residues remaining on the blade may attract dirt and host bacteria. Remember – a clean blade is a beautiful blade.
The carved and engraved surfaces of the bolster, butt cap, and the handle may trap dust and other tiny particles. Use a small soft brush to clean these surfaces.
The wood used in the weaponry is organic, natural material. Wood ages and requires special care. Over time, the natural oils and waxes originally used by the artist may degrade and lose their protective properties. To preserve the quality of the wood, wax every six months to one year. If the item is being used, more frequent care may be needed. Carnauba wax is a commonly used compound to polish the wooden parts. Carnauba wax comes in different forms and packages. Try not to use “drying oils” like Tung Oil or products containing these oils. After several layers of application, the drying oil will build up an unattractive layer and then it is difficult to restore the piece to its original luster.
If the items are stored under glass or on shelves, remove the dust with soft clothes or a soft brush. An antistatic spray is not recommended because it can dissolve or damage the wax or varnish.
Please do not use abrasive pastes or polishes on the sterling silver components. Silver is a relatively soft metal and frequent polishing can damage the artwork even if a very gentle abrasive is used. Some cleansers are non-abrasive. Always check the cleaner to determine whether it will remove the natural patina from the item. Patina is often a desirable aspect of the artwork. Removing the patina will leave the piece flat and unattractive. There is a range of appropriate silver cleaning products available on the market. If you are unsure of how to clean the piece, it is a good idea to ask a professional for help.
Some items have leather holsters, sheaths or other leather parts. For the rigid leather components, you may use regular beeswax or paraffin. For the soft leather components, use leather balms or crèmes. Polish the leather with carnauba wax based products. Never polish suede leather. Suede has to be cleaned with special brushes and cleansers. Shoe polishes, especially colored ones, are not recommended. If you do not know how to clean the leather properly, ask a professional.