Blacksmith

Black­smith­ery dates back to the 11th cen­tury BC, when the first metals pro­duced and used were bronze, iron, and cop­per. That time peri­od was a turn­ing point for man­kind. A rap­id growth in pop­u­la­tion oc­curred, and newly de­veloped civil­iz­a­tions were based on crafts and trad­ing rather than farm­ing. At the same time, an ex­ten­ded need for ag­ri­cul­tur­al goods de­man­ded the de­vel­op­ment of new tools and means of pro­duc­tion. Dur­ing this peri­od, the world was con­stantly built and re­shaped by con­tinu­ous ter­rit­ori­al war. There was a strong dearth of new and ef­fect­ive weapons, which vari­ous war­lords and their sol­diers de­man­ded. In one way or an­oth­er, black­smiths were al­ways in­volved in weaponry pro­duc­tion. Their primary ef­forts, though, al­ways re­mained in peace­ful labor, pro­du­cing jew­elry and every­day ob­jects like dishes, utensils, and tools.

As time pro­gressed, people learned to pro­cess vari­ous metals, such as sil­ver, steel, and plat­in­um. Mod­ern black­smiths work with dozens of metals and al­loys with dif­fer­ing prop­er­ties and ap­pear­ances. Tech­nic­al pro­gress seemed to re­duce the im­port­ance of hand­crafts be­cause ma­chines were used to pro­duce com­plex and in­ex­pens­ive met­al goods. Yet, a work can be re­garded as art only if it is the res­ult of ima­gin­a­tion and many hours of a mas­ter’s hard work. These are the fea­tures that make an ob­ject ori­gin­al and unique.

Even though there is little dif­fer­ence between the toolkit of a mod­ern black­smith and an an­cient one, some in­stru­ments have changed in ap­pear­ance greatly. Forges, bel­lows, chisels, punches, ar­bors, ham­mers, and sledge­ham­mers – all of these tools have been known to crafts­men for ages, but mod­ern ver­sions of these tools are much more ef­fi­cient, er­go­nom­ic, ef­fect­ive and ef­fort-sav­ing. Smith­ery is a com­plex and ar­du­ous pro­cess. A single pair of hands usu­ally is not enough. Even a ready-made item of­ten needs some im­prove­ment to per­fect the fine de­tails, such as cut­ting, smooth­ing, and pol­ish­ing the rough edges. Ap­pren­tices usu­ally help their mas­ters, as was com­mon in the Middle Ages. Black­smiths of­ten work in pairs with lock­smiths or even ex­plore that field of work them­selves.


References

  1. http://www.kyznica.ru
  2. http://www.kovkasp.ru
  3. http://techno.x51.ru